Porcelain insulators are insulators made of electrical ceramics. They are insulating devices used in overhead transmission lines, manufactured by high-temperature sintering with electrical ceramics as the primary insulating material.In power systems, they support and fix live conductors, insulating them from the ground or other conductors with potential differences.
A typical porcelain insulator consists of three parts: an iron cap, a porcelain body, and a steel foot. The iron cap is made of malleable cast iron, and the steel foot is made of low-carbon steel. The iron body and porcelain body are bonded together with cement adhesive. Their main function is to provide mechanical fixation and electrical insulation for electrical equipment and conductors in power transmission lines.
Porcelain insulators are mainly divided into three types according to their application: insulators used in transmission lines, insulators used in electrical equipment in power stations, and insulators used in other insulating components on live conductors. Globally, porcelain insulators are mainly subdivided into suspension type, disc type, and post type, and are mainly used in different voltage levels from 35kV to 1000kV, covering low voltage, medium voltage, high voltage, and even ultra-high voltage fields. According to the level of protection, they can be divided into standard type and anti-fouling type, etc.
